theory - representation

• Stuart hall - represntation theory

  media shape our understanding through subtle and non subtle ways

  they reinforce social inequalitys through sterotyping

  sterotyping is used to assert power
• Judith butler - gender perfomativity

  masculinity and femininity are not given at birth

  they are given by everyday acts and are realised through repeated gendered behavior

  gender is a social construct and is created through repetition
• Paul gilroy - ethnicity and postcolonialism

  concept of raical otherness

  he argued in the past there was criminilised representations of black males and this stigmitised the black community

  racial hirearchys are contrusted by society and this sets up binary opposition

  these groups are still now affected by these representations
• ethnicity and postcolonialsim

  paul gilroy
• gender peformativity

  juduth butler
• representation theory

  stuart hall
• Lisbet Van Zoonen - femenist theory

  the media plays a role in informing audainces on gender based roles

  men and women are represented diffrently in the media

  men are seen as masculine

  women are objectified due to western society - reninforicing the male gaze

  can be link to Laura Mulveys theory
• femenist theory

  Lisbet Van Zoonen
• Bell hooks

  focuses on black feminity

  she says they have been ignored and silenced

  she said black males and white women where given oppurtunites but not black women

  opression such as patriarchy
• David Gauntlett 


  the media offer us a wide range of tools to contstruct our identity

  the media offer more charecrers, stars and ocons to contrcut our idenities

  in the past they conveyed singular messages about male and female identities