Waves

• What do all waves transfer through vibrations?


  Energy
• How can waves be categorized?


  As either transverse or longitudinal
• In transverse waves, how do the particles in the medium vibrate?


  Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
• In longitudinal waves, how do the particles in the medium vibrate?


  Parallel to the direction of wave travel
• What are examples of longitudinal and transverse waves?

  Longitudinal Waves:

  • Sound
  • Ultrasound

  
  

  Transverse Waves:

  • Light
  • Water
  • Gamma
  • X-ray
  • Radio
  • Ultraviolet
  • Electromagnetic waves
• What properties must be considered to compare different waves?

  • Wavelength (transverse and longitudinal)
  • Amplitude
  • Frequency
• What is the definition of wavelength in a transverse wave?


  The distance between two consecutive crests or troughs
• What is the definition of wavelength in a longitudinal wave?


  The distance between two consecutive compressions
• What is amplitude in wave properties?


  The maximum displacement from its rest position
• What is frequency in wave properties?


  The number of waves passing a point per second
• What are the two types of graphs that can be drawn for waves?

  • Displacement-time graph
  • Displacement-distance graph
• What is the importance of the axis in wave graphs?


  It helps to identify the properties of the wave accurately
• What is the formula to calculate the speed of a wave?


  v = f λ
• What does the variable 'v' represent in the wave equation?


  Wave speed, in m/s
• What does the variable 'f' represent in the wave equation?


  Frequency, in Hz
• What does the variable 'λ' represent in the wave equation?


  Wavelength, in m
• What is the audible frequency range for humans?


  Approximately 20 to 20,000 Hz
• What are the dangers associated with certain wavelengths of light?


  They can cause internal heating of body tissues and skin burns.
• How can intense light affect the eyes?


  Intense light can damage the eyes.
• What is a potential consequence of certain wavelengths damaging skin cells?


  They may cause skin cancer.
• What are the implications of gamma radiation and cells in the body?

  It may lead to cancer.
• What are the main dangers of certain wavelengths of light?

  • Internal heating of body tissues
  • Skin burns
  • Damage to eyes
  • Potential to cause skin cancer
  • Damage to cells leading to cancer