enzymes

• enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. After use, the enzymes can be reused
• Lock and Key hypothesis:

  1. substrate collides with active site of enzyme and collides
  2. enzyme catalyses breakdown of substrate
  3. products are released from active site, enzyme can be used again
• denaturing

  when temperatures or pHs become too high or extreme, the shape of the active site may change. thus, the substrate will no longer fit into the enzyme. the enzyme is now denatured and cannot be used
• factors of enzymes:

  1. temperature
  2. pH
  3. substrate concentration
• carbohydrase

  breaks down carbohydrates, found in saliva
• protease

  breaks down proteins into amino acids, found in stomach, pancreas, and small intenstine
• lipase


  breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol. found in pancreas and small intestine