Reactions of Acids

• • Hydrochloric acid produces chloride salts
  • Sulfuric acid produces sulfate salts
• Nitric acid produces nitrate salts when reacting with metals, however instead of hydrogen gas being produced, a mixture of water, NO and NO2 is produced
• Metal and acid reaction:

  Acid + metal --> Salt + Hydrogen
• Reactions of acid and metal carbonates:

  acid + metal carbonate --> Salt + Water + carbon dioxide
• Reaction of acid and alkali:

  acid + alkali --> salt + water
• Soluble salts can be made by reacting an acid with an alkali. However, you cannot tell when the reaction is finished and excess alkali cannot be filtered out as it is soluble and would contaminate the solution
• When reacting an acid and alkali to produce a soluble salt, you must add the exact correct amount of alkali to neutralize the solution without any excess, measuring the amount using titrations by using a burette
• Using a burette and an indicator, you should measure the exact amount of alkali required to neutralize the acid. Then you should neutralize the acid without the indicator, as the indicator can contaminate it