SKELETAL SYSTEM

• what does the axial skeleton form?


  Forms the bones in your head, neck, back and chest
• what is the axial skeletons main function

  to protect the organs and is a point of attachment for limbs
• what is the appendicular skeleton composed of?

  your limbs and the shoulder and pelvis which attach to your axial skeleton
• what’s the primary function of the appendicular skeleton?

  for movement and attachment of skeletal muscle
• what are the scientific names for the head, neck, back and chest?

  cranium, mandible, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx, sternum and rib cage
• name the 5 parts of the vertebral column

  cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
• what’s scoliosis ?


  spinal curvature in the shape of an S or a C
• what’s kyphosis?


  Excessive outward curvature of the spine.
• what do osteoclasts do?

  osteoclasts clear out the bad bone/ cartilage by digging further into the cavity in the bone
• what do osteoblasts do?

  lines the bone cavity and deposits collagen and minerals to provide strength and stability, they then turn into osteocytes which are bone cells
• what is the process of bone reformation scientifically called?

  ossification
• what bone is a sesamoid

  Patella
• What’s the function of long bones

  Provides a leverage for movement
• What’s the function of short bones

  Weight bearing
• whats the function of irregular bones

  Protection and muscle attachment
• What’s the function of flat bones


  Protection and weight bearing
• What’s the function of sesamoid bones

  Reduces friction across a joint
• what do ligaments in joints do


  Reduce chance of injury
• What do tendons do in joints


  Creates leverage
• what’s a fibrous joint


  A fixed joint that doesn’t move, fused together by fibrous tissue
• What’s an example of a fibrous joint


  Cranium
• Whats a cartilaginous joint


  A slightly moveable joint held in place by ligaments and have a lot of cartilage in between bones
• What’s a synovial joint


  A freely moveable joint connected via a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
• What’s an example of a cartilaginous joint


  Vertebrae
• What’s an example of a synovial joint

  Limbs
• what’s the function of the joint capsule


  Keeps contents of joint in place
• What’s the function of the synovial membrane


  Secretes synovial fluid which lubricates joint and reduces friction
• What’s the function of ligaments


  Holds 2 or more bones together providing stability and reduces chances of hyperextension
• What’s the function of articular cartilage


  Prevents wear and take by absorbing the impact due to its smooth surface
• What’s the function of the bursae


  In between the bone and and tendon is the bursae, it’s a fluid filled sac stopping tendons rubbing against bones and joints
• What’s a hinge joint 


  Where the rounded end of bone fits into a hollow end of another bone
• What movements are at hinge joints


  Flexion and extension
• What’s a ball and socket joint


  ball at the end of a bone fits into a cupped socket of another bone
• What movements are at a ball and socket joint


  Flexion, extension, circumduction, abductio, adduction
• What’s an example of a hinge joint


  Elbow and knee
• What’s an example of a ball and socket joint


  Shoulder and hip
• What’s a condyloid joint


  Oval end of a bone fits into a cupped socket of another bone
• What movements take place at a condyloid joint


  Flexion, extension, circumduction, abduction, adduction
• what’s an example of a condyloid joint


  Wrist and ankle
• What’s a saddle joint


  Concave bone fits into convex bone