anaphy 2

    Cards (87)

    • What is matter?

      Anything that occupies space and has mass
    • What is mass?

      The amount of matter in an object
    • What is weight?

      The gravitational force acting on an object
    • What are elements?

      Simple forms of matter
    • Give examples of elements.

      C, H, O, N, Ca, K, Na
    • What is an atom?

      The smallest particle of an element
    • What subatomic particles are found in an atom?

      Protons, electrons, and neutrons
    • What is the charge of protons?

      Positive charge
    • Where are protons located?

      Inside the nucleus
    • What is the charge of neutrons?

      No charge
    • Where are neutrons located?

      Inside the nucleus
    • What is the charge of electrons?

      Negative charge
    • Where are electrons located?

      Outside the nucleus
    • What is atomic number?
      The number of protons in each atom
    • What is mass number?

      The number of protons and neutrons in each atom
    • What occurs during chemical bonds?

      Outer electrons are transferred or shared between atoms
    • What are the types of chemical bonds?

      • Ionic
      • Covalent
      • Hydrogen
    • What is an ion?

      A charged atom formed by the donation or gain of electrons
    • Give an example of an ion.

      Na<sup>+</sup>
    • What is ionic bonding?

      Attraction between two oppositely charged ions
    • Give an example of ionic bonding.

      NaCl
    • What occurs during covalent bonding?

      Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
    • Give an example of a covalent bond.

      Hydrogen molecule
    • What is a polar covalent bond?

      A bond with unequal sharing of electrons
    • Give an example of a polar covalent bond.

      H2O (water)
    • What is a polar molecule?

      A molecule with an asymmetrical electrical charge
    • What is a nonpolar molecule?

      A molecule with a symmetrical electrical charge
    • What is hydrogen bonding?

      A weak attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another
    • How does the strength of hydrogen bonds compare to ionic or covalent bonds?

      Hydrogen bonds are weaker
    • What is a molecule?

      Two or more atoms chemically combined
    • Give an example of a molecule.

      Water (H2O)
    • What is a compound?

      A chemical combination of two or more different types of atoms
    • Give an example of a compound.

      NaCl
    • What occurs during chemical reactions?

      Formation or breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, ions, molecules, or compounds
    • What are reactants?

      Substances that enter into a reaction
    • What are products?

      Substances that result from a reaction
    • What does the equation A + B → C + D represent?

      A chemical reaction where A and B are reactants and C and D are products
    • What are the types of chemical reactions?

      • Synthesis Reaction: Builds new molecules (e.g., ADP + P = ATP)
      • Decomposition Reaction: Breaks down molecules (e.g., ATP → ADP + P)
    • What are changing reactions?

      Combination of synthesis and decomposition reactions
    • Give an example of a changing reaction.

      AB + CDAC + BD
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