Cultural bias/ lack of generalisability

• P- one limitation of Schaffer and Emersons stages of attachment is that the stages may not apply to all children
• E- for example, these stages were formulated based on one sample of Scottish children from an individualistic culture
• E- therefore we cannot be certain that these stages apply to other cultures
• L- this means that different cultures have different child rearing practices, for this reason results cannot be applied to all cultures across the world, further cross cultural research needs to be conducted