Nutrition

• What are the three main reasons why we need food?

  Energy, Growth, Repair
• What is another reason we need food besides energy, growth, and repair?

  To generate heat
• What are the 6 common elements found in food and their roles?

  1. Carbon (C)
  2. Hydrogen (H)
  3. Nitrogen (N)
  4. Sulfur (S)
  5. Phosphorus (P)
  6. Oxygen
• What are the 5 elements present in food as dissolved salts and their roles?

  1. Sodium
  2. Magnesium
  3. Chlorine
  4. Potassium
  5. Calcium
• What are the 3 trace elements in food that are only required in small amounts?

  1. Iron
  2. Copper
  3. Zinc
• What is a biomolecule?

  Molecules made inside a living thing
• What are the 4 main types of biomolecules?


  1. Carbohydrate
  2. Protein
  3. Lipids
  4. Vitamins
• What is the general formula for all carbohydrate?

  Cx(H2)Ox
• What is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a carbohydrate?

  2:1
• What are the elements found in a carbohydrate ?

  1. Carbon (C)
  2. Hydrogen (H)
  3. Oxygen (O)
• How does the arrangement of elements in carbohydrates differ from that in fats?

  The ratio of elements is not the same.
• What is a triglyceride?

  A triglyceride is a glycerol with 3 fatty acids.
• What is a phospholipid?

  A phospholipid is a glycerol with 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group.
• How is a triglyceride structured?


  • Composed of glycerol
  • Contains 3 fatty acids
• How is a phospholipid structured?


  • Composed of glycerol
  • Contains 2 fatty acids
  • Includes a phosphate group
• What are the elements found in a protein?

  Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.
• Name two other elements sometimes found in a protein.

  Sulfur and Phosphorus.
• What is noted about the arrangement of elements in a protein?

  There is no specific arrangement noted.
• What are the elements found in a lipid ?

  Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen(O)