APUh period 2

• where did the earliest, Spanish and Portuguese, settle


  central and south America (Spanish slowly migrated to North America)
• what where the first successful British colonies

  Jamestown and Plymouth
• what were important products for the first brittish colonies

  tobacco, timber, rice
• what native tribes allied with Europeans

  Iroquois and Huron
• what where the main motives for exploration to the Americas


  weath, spread of Christianity, and to escape perseqution
• what did missionaries work to do in the Spanish Colonies


  counter the expanding protestant reformation
• what Spanish settlemt was finally settled after falure and native resistance in 1565


  St. Augustine (Florida)
• why did the Spanish struggle to establish permeant colonies


  little gold and silver, declining native population, and periodic hurricanes
• Texas


  Grew in early 1700s as Spain resisted French efforts to explore the lower Mississippi River
• what was important for the French due to trade

  rivers
• did the french intermarry with natives

  yes
• why did the dutch hire Henry Hudson


  to find westward passage to Asia
• did the dutch intermarry with natives

  rarely
• did the British intermarry with natives

  rarely
• how did British colonies receive their authority


  a charted granting privileges from the monarch
• corporate colonies

  • Jamestown, opperated by joint stock companies
• royal colonies


  Virginia after 1624, under direct rule of the King's government
• proprietary colonies

  • Maryland and Pennsylvania, under authority of those garnted charter form the King
• what company founded Jamestown

  The Virginia Company
• what where Plymouth and Jamestown mostly motivated by 


  religion and wealth
• separatists


  wanted a separate church away from royal control
• puritains


  wanted to purify/reform the church
• 1632 King Charles I split part of Virginia to make ....


  Maryland for George Calvert
• acts of toleration


  first clonial statue granting Christian religeous freedom *called for death to anyone that denied Jesus
• What was the result of the Protestant Reformation

  • Ps win and repeal the acts of toleration
  • Cs no longer allowed to vote
• Rogger Williams


  banished from NE for believing that consciousness didn't belong to the church --> makes Providence RI
• Anne Hutchinson

  • banished for believing that salvation was through faith so there was no need for moral laws (antinomianism) --> makes Portsmouth
• Fundimental Orders of Connecticut


  established representative gov with a legislature elected by popular vote and governor chosen by that legislature (first American constitution)
• Connecticut creation

  1655 New Haven + Hartford, limited self gov
• to increase royal control, King Charles ...

  split New Hamp from Mass in 1679n and made it a royal colony
• halfway covenant


  to keep churches influence, a convent that allowed half Puritans without a formal conversion
• restoration colonies


  North and South Carolina
• middle colonies


  NY, NJ, PA, DE -> fertile land, diverse, good harbors, religiously tolerant
• How was Penn formed

  gave William Penn land as a debt payment -> Pennsylvania (Holy Experiment because it test Quaker beliefs in government)
• Frame of Gov (1682-1683)


  gauranteed representative assembly elected by landowners
• Charter of Liberties (1701)


  a written constitution that guaranteed freedom of worship and unrestricted immigration
• how did the Virginia Company encourage settlement


  promising the same rights as England
• Mayflower Compact 1620


  Pilgrims pledged to make decisions by the will of the majority
• terms of the Navigation Act

  • trade to and from colonies only made by B or C ships with B or C crews
  • all good imported to the colonies have to pass through ports in England
  • specified goods from the colonies could only go to England
• what was the impact of the navigation acts on colonies

  • aided NE shipbuilding
  • gave Chesapeake tobacco monopoly in England
  • gave colonies military protection from the French and Spanish