carbohydrates

• Hexose monosaccharides

  Six sugars one sugar

  6 carbons in a single unit of sugar
• What bonds do proteins make

  Peptide bonds
• What bonds do lipids make

  Ester bonds
• What bonds do carbohydrates make

  Glycosidic bonds
• What are disaccharides

  Two carbohydrate molecules joined together by a glycosidic bond
• What are the 3 sugars formed

  Sucrose

  Lactose

  Maltose
• What differentiates alpha and beta glucose

  Alpha carbon one hydrogen is above

  Beta carbon one hydrogen is below
• What makes maltose

  Alpha glucose and alpha glucose
• What forms sucrose

  Alpha glucose and beta fructose
• What forms lactose

  Alpha glucose and alpha galactose
• Monosaccarides

  Single sugar molecules - all reducing sugars

  Eg glyceraldehyde ribose glucose

  Source of energy for respiration

  Building blocks for respiration
• Disaccaride

  Sugar formed by two monosaccarides joined together by a glycosidic bonds
• Polysaccharides

  Polymer formed by many glycosidic bonds in many condensation reactions
• What can maltose be used as

  Sugar found in germinating seeds
• What can sucrose be used for

  Sugar stored in a sugar cane
• What can lactose be used for

  Mammel milk sugar
• General formula for monosaccharides

  (CH2O)n
• How can monosaccharides be formed

  Chain form

  Ring form
• How's starch stored

  Amyloplasts

  Hexico structure
• Structure of cellulose

  Hydrogen bonds form between parallel chains

  Forms fibrils

  Linked by hydrogen bonds

  Forms macrofibrils

  High tensile strength