Viral and fungal diseases

• What are the two categories of diseases mentioned in the study material?

  Viral and fungal diseases
• What are the three viral diseases listed in the study material?

  • Measles
  • HIV
  • Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
• How is measles primarily spread?


  By droplets from an infected person’s sneeze or cough
• What are the common symptoms of measles?


  A red skin rash and a high temperature
• What serious complications can arise from measles?


  Pneumonia and inflammation of the brain (encephalitis)
• When are most people vaccinated against measles?


  When they are young
• How is HIV primarily spread?


  By sexual contact or exchanging bodily fluids such as blood
• What initial symptoms does HIV cause?


  Flu-like symptoms for a few weeks
• How can HIV be controlled in the body?


  With antiretroviral drugs that stop the virus replicating
• What happens if the immune system is badly damaged by HIV?


  The body can't cope with other infections or cancer
• What is the late-stage of HIV infection called?

  AIDS
• What type of plants does Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) affect?


  Many species of plants, e.g., tomatoes
• What symptom does TMV cause on plant leaves?


  A mosaic pattern and discolouration
• How does TMV affect plant growth?


  It reduces the plant's ability to carry out photosynthesis
• What type of disease is Rose Black Spot?


  A fungal disease
• What symptoms does Rose Black Spot cause on rose leaves?


  Purple or black spots, yellowing, and leaf drop
• How does Rose Black Spot affect photosynthesis?


  It reduces the amount of photosynthesis that can occur
• How does Rose Black Spot spread?


  Through water or by the wind
• How can gardeners treat Rose Black Spot?


  Using fungicides and stripping affected leaves
• Why is it important to destroy affected leaves of rose plants?


  To prevent the fungus from spreading to other rose plants