Play

• Infant - Solitary play
• Toddler - parallel play
• Pre-school - associative or participative play
• School-age - cooperative play or competitive (indoor)
• Adolescent - competitive play (outdoor)
• Solitary play

  • plays alone
  • non-interactive play
• Parallel

  • playing side by side but not playing with each other
• Parallel

  • no sharing of toys
• Associative play

  • play together but there is no organization, division of labor, leadership assignment, or mutual goal
• Cooperative play

  • there is a common goal, there is leadership-follower relationship
• Competitive play

  • winner-loser principle