Privitisation

• What does privatization refer to in the context of education?


  The transfer of assets and resources from state control to the private sector
• How long has privatization been a feature of UK government policies?


  For the past 40 years
• Besides education, which other sectors are impacted by privatization?


  Health care, prisons, local councils, and rail networks
• How does privatization differ from private ownership of schools?


  Privatization refers to the transfer of state assets to the private sector, not private schools charging fees
• What are the two components of the privatization of education?


  1. Privatization of the education system
  2. Outsourcing of aspects of education to external providers
• What does the privatization of the education system involve?


  Schools gaining autonomy from local education authority control
• What business practices have many schools adopted?

  Setting performance targets and reporting progress to a board of governors
• How are teachers' performance targets linked to their pay?


  Some performance targets are linked to performance-related pay
• What marketing strategy do schools use in a competitive education market?


  Advertising to attract new students
• What is one consequence of schools aiming for efficiency and profitability?


  Larger class sizes or limits on resources
• What allows schools to opt out of local education authority control?

  Privatization of the education system
• What was a significant change during the second wave of academization under the coalition government?


  Leaders were able to assume control over the financial running of their schools
• What does the outsourcing of education involve?


  • Management of schools by academy trusts
  • Appointment of executive heads overseeing multiple schools
  • Growth of educational consultants advising schools
  • Privately run examination services
• What is an academy trust?


  An organization that manages several schools under a singular structure
• How do academy trusts help develop an educational brand?


  By giving similar directives to multiple schools from an executive head
• What is a feature of the privatization of education regarding educational consultants?


  They advise schools for a fee to maximize their potential
• What role do examination services play in privatization?


  They provide certification of students' achievements
• What is an example of educational branding mentioned in the study material?


  Schools using specific software like Google Classroom
• How much is spent annually in education, making it a lucrative market for external providers?


  Over 50 billion pounds
• What is a method of building new schools mentioned in the study material?

  Privately funded initiatives (PFIs)
• What evidence of privatization can be seen in contemporary education?


  • Growth of multi-academy chains
  • Increase in the number of multi-academy trusts
  • Significant funding for secondary schools
• How many multi-academy trusts were operating at least five schools in 2018?


  738 multi-academy trusts
• What is the average income from funding of a secondary school?


  About four million pounds per year
• What is the role of exam boards like Pearson in the context of privatization?


  They supply educational materials and assessments worldwide
• What types of qualifications do exam boards provide?

  BTECs, GCSEs, A-levels, and international qualifications
• What are some criticisms of the privatization of education?


  • Possible interference in the curriculum by large companies
  • Increased focus on employment-related skills over holistic education
  • Potential colonization of education by big companies
• What is a potential consequence of using products from large companies in education?


  Students may become consumers of these goods at a later date
• How can branded goods be integrated into the educational environment?


  Through vending machines selling branded goods and recommended purchases
• What is a detrimental effect of privatization mentioned in the study material?


  The pursuit of profitability over progress
• What might some business models prioritize that could affect education?


  Short-term gains over longer development
• What is a concern regarding academy trusts hiring teachers?


  They can hire unqualified and untrained teachers
• What can academy trusts opt out of in terms of curriculum?


  They can opt out of the national curriculum
• What is the general trend regarding academies and the national curriculum?


  The majority of academies have conformed to the national curriculum