bio-psych

• neurochemistry


  neuro-transmitters in brain

  
  

  serotonin

  adrenaline

  dopamine
• cocordance


  agreement rates (statistical agreement) can rise in twins
• genotype


  what DNA codes for and how does it look
• phenotype


  how gene is presented with genes and enivro impact
• evolution and behaviour


  behaviours in body can adapt to the enivro and things that are pernament
• cns system


  brain and spinal chord
• peripheral nervous system


  autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
• whats in autonomic system


  sympathetic divison

  parasympathetic division
• the cerebrum


  main outer layer

  
  

  does, thought, vision, movement, speech
• automic


  important role in homeostatsis

  involuntary action
• sympathetic and parasympthetic


  sy= fight or flight

  
  

  par= back to restful state and relax body
• somatic


  voluntary action

  
  

  made of sensory receptors and motor pathways
• role of cns


  complex network of nerve cells carrying messages to and from brain and spinal chord in different parts of the body and helps all parts and helps all parts comunicate with eachover
• main role of cns


  communication, control of behavoiur, regulating bodys physiological processes
• role of autonomic nervous system


  involuntry control of the body inc reflex movement of skeletal muscles and maintain organ function
• sensory neurone


  carry messages from pns to cns

  long dendrite and cell body in action
• relay neurone


  connect sensory to motor in brain and spinal chord

  short dendrites and short axons
• motor neurone


  connect cns to muscles and glands

  short dendrites and long axons
• cell body


  nucleus containing genetic material
• dendrites


  protude from cell body
• axon


  carries impulse away from cell body down length of axon
• mylein sheath


  fatty layer covers axon, protects and speeds up electrical transmission
• nodes of renvier


  speed in impulse forcing it to move to next axon
• axon terminal


  comminicate next neurone in the chain across synapse
• synaptic transmission


  neighbouring neurones communicate by sending chemical messages across the synapse
• How does synaptic transmission work?


  action pot goes down axon in pre-synaptic neurone

  
  

  reaches terminal at neurone end and vessicle releases neurotransmitters

  
  

  they travel across the synaptic gap into receptors on dendrites of the post-synaptic neurone

  
  

  chemical message converted to electrical impulse and transmission occurs again from the neurone
• name 4 synapse and what


  dopamine= motivation stimulation

  serotonin= calming

  acetylcholine= muscle contract

  adrenaline= fight or flight
• excitatory


  inc pos charge in post-synaptic neurone that it sends message to and inc change of another action pot to fire and message continues transmission
• inhibitory


  inc neg charge in post-synaptic neurone that it sends

  dec chance of another act pot occuring and messages slow

  down or stop being transmitted
• summation


  excitatory or inhibitory influences that reach receptor sites are summed. will either be a inhibitory post-synaptic or exitatory post-synaptic potential
• pineal gland


  releases melatonin or regulate biological clock
• pituitary gland


  main gland

  
  

  controls release of hormone from all the other endocrine glands

  
  

  ex= FSH/LH to regulate menstral cycle and target organ os overies
• endocrine system


  connection of glands that produces hormones hat regulate many functions eg growth and development
• what do glands do


  secrete hormone into bloodstream and affect any cell with receptor for the particular hormone
• negative feedback loop


  endocrine recieves feedback from hormoes secreted by target gland and hormones are detected and hypothalamus responds by shutting down secretion of releasing hormones
• what can stress be


  acute or chronic
• fight or flight response


  endcrine system and ANS working together

  
  

  stressor percieved by hypothalamus which activates the pituitory gland and sympathetic branch of ANS

  
  

  parasympathetic activated once the threat has passed
• sympathetic response


  inc heart rate

  inc blood pressure

  widen bronchi in lungs

  release glucose into blood

  dilates pupils

  slows digestion

  saliva production inhibited
• parasympathetic response


  dec heart rate

  dec blood pressure

  narrows bronchi

  store glucose in liver as glycogen

  contracts pupils

  returns digestion to normal
• endcrine system and ANS order


  amygdala- senses danger

  sends info to hypothalamus

  commands the autonomic nervous system

  activates sympathetic branch

  stimulates the adrenal medulla

  to release adrenaline and noradrenaline

  activating flight or fight