Ethological explanations for agression AO3

• What is a weakness of ethological explanations of aggression?


  Fixed action patterns are no longer adaptive in modern times.
• Why is flexibility in human behavior important in modern environments?


  It allows humans to respond effectively to rapidly changing environments.
• How does human behavior differ from non-human species in terms of aggression?


  Human behavior is far more varied and less predictable than that of non-human species.
• What is the implication of fixed action patterns (FAP) for modern human life?

  FAP would not be a useful and effective response in modern life.
• What is a weakness of ethological explanations of aggression?


  They underestimate other relevant factors.
• What did Lehman (1953) suggest about fixed action patterns?

  They are influenced by environmental factors and learning.
• How do environmental factors interact with innate factors according to Lehman?


  They interact in complex ways.
• Why has the term 'fixed action pattern' been replaced by 'behaviour pattern'?


  To reflect that these patterns can be modified by experience.
• What does the existence of subtle differences in aggression among species members suggest?


  Patterns of aggressive behaviour are not as fixed as claimed by Lorenz.
• What is the conclusion about the ethological explanation of aggression?


  It is a reductionist approach.
• What is a weakness of the ethological explanation of aggression?


  There are cultural differences
• How do homicide rates differ between southern and northern states according to Nisbett et al.?


  Killings are more common among white males in southern states
• What type of aggression is specifically mentioned in relation to the north-south divide in homicide rates?


  Reactive aggression triggered by arguments
• What concept did Nisbett conclude was responsible for the difference in homicide rates?


  A 'culture of honour'
• How does the 'culture of honour' relate to impulsive aggression?


  It is a social norm that influences responses to impulsive aggression
• What challenge does cultural influence pose to the ethological theory of aggression?


  It makes it difficult to explain how culture can override innate influences