year 10 first test

• Eutrophication


  Eutrophication is a type of water pollution caused by the addition of sewage or fertiliser.
• Acid rain


  rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids with a PH of less then 5.5
• How does acid rain form?


  a chemical reaction begins when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
• Algae


  a very simple plant without stems or leaves that grows in or near water.
• Population


  all the organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
• Community


  All organisms of all species in a particular area
• Habit


  The place where an organism lives
• Ecosystem


  All the organisms and their environment interacting together in a certain area
• Tertiary consumer


  An animal that eats secondary consumers
• Herbivore


  A animal that eats only plants.
• Top carnivore


  Animal that is not eaten by anything else. No natural predators.
• Secondary comsumer

  The animal that eats the primary consumer
• Omnivore


  An animal that eats both plants and animals
• Carnivore


  An animal that eats other animals
• primary consumer


  An animal that eats producers
• Producer


  A plant that uses sunlight to make food
• Consumer


  an organism that eats other organisms
• predator


  An organism that hunts and eats other animals
• Prey


  An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism
• trophic level


  A stage or level in the food chain
• Decomposer


  organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, that break down dead and decaying matter
• The 5 main greenhouse gases are ....


  carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour, chlorofluorocarbons, and nitrous oxides
• How is carbon dioxide produced?


  By burning fossil fuels in factories. It is also released in deforestation when trees are burned
• How is methane produced?


  By cattle and when waste in landfill decays over time
• Where are CFCs found?


  Aerosols and fridges
• What does CFC stand for?


  Chlorofluorocarbons
• How is nitrous oxide released?


  Car fumes
• how can we reduce nitrous oxide?


  By fitting a catalytic converter
• Water vapour


  water in gas form that human activity hasn't really changed much
• What is the greenhouse effect?


  The process by which gases hold heat in the atmosphere
• Explain the greenhouse effect


  Sunlight warms earths surface, which radiates heat to the atmosphere. CO2 and other greenhouse gases absorb and radiate some heat back to earth.
• What is air pollution?


  the contamination of air by harmful substances including gases and smoke
• What are sources of sulphur dioxide?


  -Cars

  -power stations

  -burning fossil fuels i.e in a coal powered train