Managers and Leadership

• Who was P. Wright and D. Taylor?


  1984

  Continuation of Fielder's work.

  Very aware of all types of leadership.
• What is the checklist to improve performance?

  Verbal and non-verbal - skills to be learnt to be a good manager, empathy, support, discipline, technical advice (verbal), body language, rapport (non-verbal).

  Diagnosis - accurate perception / evaluation of people or events,mix of internal and external.
• What is an interpersonally skillful leader?


  A leader with the right style for the right situation.

  Changes to suit.
• Is good leadership more about encouragement or punishment?


  Encouragement.
• What was Peter Drucker's theory?


  Management by objective.
• What is management by objective?


  Overall corporate objective is usually growth, market share, lower costs, profit.

  Managers look at different functions of the business, and base their objectvies on the corporate one.

  FMOP / SMART objectives.

  Set for specific tasks or teams.

  Requires agreement between managers and workers.
• What are the advantages of management by objectives?


  Good for long term goals.

  Clear structure / goals.

  Involves different stakeholders.

  Make workers motivated.

  Gives some financial control to workers.

  Judge against agreed targets.

  Departments are co-ordinated.

  Communication.
• What are the disadvantages of management by objectives?


  Time consuming.

  Complex.

  Agreements can be difficult.

  Firms / markets change quickly.

  Tough in fast moving markets.

  Tough to involve all staff (demotivation).

  Way to control workers.

  Less effective for short term goals.
• What are leaders?


  Similar functions to managers, but also inspire and motivate the workforce. Consider long term strategy and create a vision that inspires people to follow.
• What are managers?


  Control and direct the workforce.
• What are internal factors that influence leadership styles?


  Skills / experience of worker.

  Trust.

  Skills for job.

  Personality.

  Time.
• What are external factors that influence leadership styles?

  PESTLE - Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environment.

  Rivals.

  Change.

  Time.
• What is an autocratic leadership style?


  Orders come from the top down.

  Little communication coming from the lower positions in the organisation.

  Know what they want doing and the way it should be done.
• What are the advantages of an autocratic style of leadership?


  Do well during a crisis / rapid change.

  Good ideas.

  Skilled and entrepreneurial.
• What are the disadvantages of an autocratic style of leadership?


  Demotivating especially to skilled and experienced staff.

  Personality clash.

  No discussion.
• What is a democratic leadership style?


  Listen to ideas.

  Delegate tasks / responsibility.

  Communication is a two way process.

  Involves workers.
• What are the advantages of a democratic style of leadership?


  Good decisions.

  Good staff.

  Experience.
• What are the disadvantages of a democratic style of leadership?


  Time consuming.

  Consultation.

  Does everyone need to be involved?

  Tough to get right.