Geography (h)

• What was the primary purpose of the US Marshall Plan after World War II?


  To help rebuild Western Europe.
• When was the United Nations formed?


  In 1945.
• What was the Truman Doctrine of 1947 aimed at?


  Containing communism.
• What key developments set the stage for US and Western Europe's role in global security after WWII?


  • Emergence of the US as a superpower
  • US Marshall Plan for rebuilding Europe
  • Formation of the United Nations
  • Truman Doctrine to contain communism
• What does NATO stand for?


  North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
• What is the main principle of Article 5 of NATO?


  An attack on one member is considered an attack on all.
• How has NATO's role in global security evolved since the Cold War?


  NATO has expanded its membership and engaged in out-of-area operations.
• What are some key roles NATO has played in global security?


  • Collective defense against Soviet expansion
  • Deterrence against potential aggressors
  • Out-of-area operations (e.g., Afghanistan, Libya)
  • Expansion to include former Warsaw Pact countries
• What has been a key factor in the US's role in global security since WWII?


  The United States has maintained a significant global military presence.
• What are some examples of US military interventions since WWII?


  Korean War, Vietnam War, Gulf War.
• What are the implications of the US maintaining a large overseas military presence?


  • Acts as a deterrent to potential aggressors
  • Allows for rapid response to crises
  • May cause resentment in host countries
  • Seen as overreach by some nations
• How do European countries contribute to global security?


  Through peacekeeping operations and diplomatic efforts.
• What is the role of the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)?


  It allows for EU-led peacekeeping missions.
• What are the contributions of European countries to global security?


  • Major contributors to UN peacekeeping missions
  • EU-led peacekeeping missions through CSDP
  • Diplomatic efforts in conflict resolution
  • Development aid to promote stability
• How do economic sanctions impact global security?


  They can pressure countries to change behavior and deter aggression.
• What are the tools used by the US and Europe to influence global security?

  • Economic sanctions
  • Trade agreements
  • Foreign aid
  • Diplomatic negotiations
  • Leadership in international organizations
• What is the relationship between military presence and diplomatic influence in global security?


  Military presence can complement diplomatic efforts in maintaining global security.