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Foreign policy
Foreign policy 1890-1941
American imperialism
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Alisha Richens
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Cards (50)
What was the significant influence on the emergence of the USA as a world power during the
nineteenth century
?
Isolation
and secure position surrounded by
oceans
and
weak neighbors
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What did
George Washington
recommend in
1796
regarding foreign policy?
To avoid alliances and an adventurous foreign policy
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What important statements did President
Monroe
make in
1823
?
USA
would not tolerate
European
intervention
in the Americas and would not
interfere
in Europe
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Why was the
Monroe Doctrine's
importance considered
symbolic
rather than
real
at the time?
America lacked the military power to
enforce
it
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What prevented European intervention in South America during
Monroe's
time?
British diplomacy and the power of the
Royal Navy
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How is America's foreign policy in the 19th century typically described?
As shaped by
isolationism
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What phrase summed up the westward expansion of the USA in the 19th century?
'Manifest Destiny'
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What did
'Manifest Destiny'
justify in the context of
US expansion
?
It justified aggression against native
Indians
and
Mexicans
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What were the significant territories absorbed into the USA during the 1840s due to
Manifest Destiny
?
Texas
,
California
, and
Oregon
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What was one method of acquiring land from European powers in the 19th century?
Purchasing land, such as
Louisiana
in
1803
and
Alaska
in
1867
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How did the
Civil War
affect
US
involvement in international affairs?
It deterred significant involvement in international affairs
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What were the three reasons for the changing situation of the
USA
by the late
19th century
?
Economic growth, naval requirements, and
Pacific expansion
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How much did America's GNP grow from 1869-73 to 1897-1901?
From
$9 billion
to
$37 billion
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What percentage of the world's manufactured goods were made in the
USA
by 1900?
30%
of the world's manufactured goods
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How did increased trade affect
America's
naval requirements?
America needed a stronger
navy
to protect trade and
overseas
bases
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What was the size of the
US navy
in
1885
compared to
1905
?
It grew from very small to the
third largest
in the world
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What new bases did America acquire in the Pacific during the late 19th century?
New bases in
Samoa
and
Hawaii
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When was
Hawaii
annexed by the USA?
In
1898
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What was the significance of the
McKinley
Tariff
for
Hawaiian
sugar growers?
It removed duties on raw sugar, harming their trading advantage
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What led to the rebellion led by Queen
Lili’uokalani
in Hawaii?
The death of the
Hawaiian
king and calls for American help
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What was the outcome of the
rebellion
in
Hawaii
?
The rebels surrendered after the arrival of American
marines
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What arguments were made against the
annexation
of
Hawaii
?
Concerns about becoming an
imperial power
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How did the war with
Spain
in
Cuba
influence the annexation of
Hawaii
?
It strengthened arguments for annexation
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When did the
Spanish-American War
take place?
In
April
1898
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What was the outcome of the
Spanish-American War
?
Recognition of
Cuban
independence and annexation of the
Philippines
,
Puerto Rico
, and
Guam
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What debate arose from the acquisition of the
Philippines
?
Concerns about the
morality
of
empire
and potential foreign conflicts
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What was the cost of the
Philippine-American War
in terms of American lives and expenditure?
4,200
American lives and
$170 million
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What did the
acquisition
of the
Philippines
reveal about American imperialism?
It confirmed fears about the
liabilities
of empire
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Who succeeded President
McKinley
after his assassination in
1901
?
Theodore 'Teddy' Roosevelt
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What is the principle behind
Roosevelt's
'big stick'
diplomacy?
Engaging in diplomacy backed by the threat of
military force
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What significant event did the
USA
intervene in regarding Panama in
1903
?
The dispute between Colombia and Panama leading to
Panama's independence
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What
strategic
advantage did the
Panama Canal
provide to the USA?
It connected the
Pacific Ocean
with the
Caribbean
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How did the
USA
influence
Cuba
after its
independence
?
Cuba became an economic colony of the USA
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What did the
Platt Amendment
allow the
USA
to do in
Cuba
?
Intervene in Cuba if independence or stable government was threatened
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What naval base did the USA establish in Cuba?
A permanent naval base in
Guantanamo Bay
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What action did the
USA
take regarding the Dominican Republic in
1904
?
Controlled the
customs revenue
to pay off debts
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How did American
corporations
influence Central America?
US
corporations dominated local economies
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What was
John Hay's
'open door' policy
regarding
China
?
All foreign nations should have equal commercial access to China
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What was the nature of
US-Japan
relations at the turn of the century?
Tense due to
immigration
and
territorial
ambitions
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What was the outcome of the Treaty of Portsmouth negotiated by
Roosevelt
?
Japan
was given a free hand in Korea
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