Slide Questions

• Who's Periodic Table had gaps in it/undiscovered elements?

  Dmitri Mendeleev a Russian chemist and inventor
• Fill in the gaps

  All elements in the same column (group) of the periodic table have similar chemical properties and a trend in physical properties.
• Fill in the gaps

  There are over 100 elements arranged in column (groups) and rows (periods).
• How many atoms is an element made up of?

  One kind of atom
• Elements:


  ~ Are the simplest substances

  ~ Are made up of only one type of atom

  ~ Cannot be broken down into anything simpler.
• What is it?

  Element

  
• What is it?

  Compound

  
• What is it?

  Mixture

  
• What is a compound?

  ~ Made up of two or more types of atoms (elements) joined together by chemical bonds.

  ~ It may contain any number of atoms of the same element, but at least one of a different element.

  ~ It is generally difficult to separate the elements in a compound, most of the time involving chemical reactions.
• What is a mixture?

  ~ Two or more elements or compounds that are mixed together but not chemically bonded.

  ~ They are generally easy to separate using separation techniques.
• Scientists at first thought that everything was made up of 4 elements, what were they?


  Earth, Air, Water, and Fire
• When was the first modern periodic table made?


  In 1869 by Dmitri Mendeleev.
• What groups is the periodic table made up of?

  Noble Gases, Metalloids, Halogens, Lanthanides, Reactive non-metals, Post-transition/basic metals, Alkali Earth Metals, Actinides, Transition metals, and Alkali metals
• How many letters are in a symbol?


  Mostly one or two (three in rare cases)
• Are the symbols capital or lowercase?


  If only one letter, it is capital

  If two letters, the first one is capital and the second is lowercase
• Do Metals and Non-Metals conduct electricity and heat?


  Metals conduct electricity and heat

  Non-metals conduct heat and electricity

  Only carbon in the form of graphite conducts electricity
• How many elements are natural and how many are man-made?


  Under 100 elements are found naturally in the universe

  About 20 elements are man-made by scientists in a lab
• What is the two-way arrangement of the periodic table?


  Vertical columns called groups, contain elements with similar chemical properties.

  Horizontal rows, called periods, contain elements with the same number of shells
• Name all the Alkali Metals (Group 1)


  Lithium (Li)

  Sodium (Na)

  Potassium (K)

  Rubidium (Rb)

  Caesium (Cs)

  Francium (Fr)
• Reaction with oxygen: Alkali Metal + Oxygen ->

  Alkali metal oxide
• Reaction with a Halogen: Alkali Metals + Halogen ->


  Alkali metal halide
• Reaction with water: Alkali Metal + Water ->

  Alkali metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• Alkali Metals - Chemical Trends


  The reactivity of alkali metals increases down the group - as atoms become bigger, outer electron is further away from nucleus, being easier to remove.
• Alkali Metals - Physical Trends


  The melting point of Alkali Metals decrease going down the group
• A use for Lithium 


  Batteries
• A use for Sodium


  Table Salt
• A use for Potassium


  Detergents
• A use for Rubidium 


  Vaccum Tubes
• A use for Caesium 


  Propellant for spacerafts
• A use for Francium


  Scientific research
• What group has the most reactive non-metals?

  Halogens - group 7
• Name all the Halogens

  Fluorine (F)

  Chlorine (Cl)

  Bromine (Br)

  Iodine (I)
• Halogens - Chemical Trend


  The reactivity of halogens decreases down the group - fluorine is the most reactive halogen. As the atom becomes bigger, it is more difficult to make it take one electron.
• Halogens - Phycial Trend


  The melting and boiling points increase down the group - fluorine and chlorine are gases, and bromine is the only liquid non-metal and iodine is a solid
• A use for Fluorine


  Toothpaste
• A use for Chlorine

  Bleach
• A use for Bromine


  Fire retarent materials
• A use for Iodine


  Disinfectants
• What group is Noble Gases?


  Group 0 or Group 8
• What are the Nobles Gases (Group 0 or 8)


  Helium (He)

  Neon (Ne)

  Argon (Ar)

  Krypton (Kr)

  Xenon (Xe)

  Radon (Rn)