Neutralisation Reactions

• What types of bases are included in the reactions with acids discussed in the video?


  Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and metal carbonates
• What is formed when an acid reacts with a metal oxide or hydroxide?


  A salt and water
• What salt is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium oxide?


  Sodium chloride
• How do you balance the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium oxide?


  By ensuring the number of sodium and chloride ions are equal on both sides
• What happens when sulfuric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?


  It forms potassium sulfate and water
• What salt is produced when nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate?


  Calcium nitrate
• How do you determine the correct ratio of calcium ions to nitrate ions in the reaction?


  By balancing the charges, needing two calcium ions for every two nitrate ions
• What is the general pattern for neutralization reactions between acids and bases?


  Negative ions from the acid combine with positive ions from the base to form a salt and water
• What should you use to heat the solution when evaporating water to form crystals?

  A water bath or an electric heater
• Why is it important not to heat the solution too much when evaporating water?


  To avoid damaging the salt
• What should you do once you start to see crystals forming in the solution?


  Stop heating and leave it to cool