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water cycle
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Created by
jess manley
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Cards (99)
How much water in oceans and seas
96.5%
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How much is
freshwater
2.5%
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How much
freshwater
is in
cryosphere
69%
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How much freshwater is in
groundwater
30%
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How much
freshwater
is in surface water
1%
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How much surface water is in
permafrost
and ground ice
69%
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How much surface water is in lakes
20%
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How much surface water is in
rivers
0.5%
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Ppt
when air rises over mountains causing it to cool and rain
Orographic
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When
air masses
meet creating low pressure and rain
Frontal
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Rainfall
caused by
solar radiation
Convectional
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Outputs from a
drainage basin
Evaporation
transpiration
Channel flow
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When
ppt
is caught in plant leaves
Interception
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When
ppt
enters the soil
Infiltration
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When
ppt
runs off the impermeable surface
Runoff
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Horizontal flow of ppt through soil or rock
Throughflow
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Vertical flow of ppt from soil to rock
Percolation
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Horizontal flow of
ppt
once it has reached the water table
Groundwater
flow
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What two factors does
vegetation
increase
Infiltration
and
transpiration
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What factor does
vegetation
decrease
Runoff
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5 physical factors influencing
basin cycle
Relief
,
soil
,
rock
,
vegetation
,
climate
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4
human factors
influencing basin cycle
Urbanisation
,
reservoirs
,
deforestation
,
overabstraction
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How much of
freshwater
is accessible
1%
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Ancient, recently found water stores
Fossil water
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Climate in
Alaska
is very
Variable
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River
in
Alaska
Yukon
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The Yukon
is unaffected by
Humans
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The
climate
at the
Amazon
is very
Consistent
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The
Amazon
is affected by large
Dams
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The
Murray-Darling
experiences periods of prolonged
Drought
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The
Murray-Darling
experiences high seasonal
variability
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the
average American
uses how many gallons per day
160
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countries where
groundwater
is
almost gone
India
Pakistan
Mexico
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residence time
oceans
4000
years
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residence time
ice
thousands
of years
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shortest residence time
in
biosphere
,
atmosphere
,
rivers
1-2 weeks
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edge of the basin
watershed
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how many is the
Thames
home to
13 million
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Thames
rainfall per year
690mm
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how much more water is evaporated from
reservoirs
, than used by people
7%
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