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CTB Epithelium Histology
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Cards (63)
What is the main learning objective (
LO
) of the
CTB Epithelium Histology
course?
Identify and classify different types of
epithelial tissues
based on
distinguishing structural characteristics
.
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What are the functions of
epithelial
tissues in the human body?
Protection, secretion, absorption,
digestion
, and filtration.
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What are the surface specializations that
epithelial
tissues may have?
Microvilli
and
cilia
.
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How are
epithelial
tissues classified?
By the number of layers:
Simple: single layer
Stratified
: more than one layer
Pseudostratified
: appears layered but is not
By cell shape:
Squamous
: flattened cells
Cuboidal
: equal height and width
Columnar
: taller than wide
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What does "
pseudostratified
" mean in the context of
epithelial
tissue?
Pseudostratified epithelium appears to have multiple layers but actually has all cells in contact with the
basement membrane
.
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What type of epithelium is found lining the urinary bladder?
Transitional epithelium
.
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What are the functions of different types of
epithelial
tissues based on their structure?
Stratified
epithelium: provides physical protection and strength.
Simple
epithelium: facilitates secretion and
transport
.
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What is the role of the
epithelium
of the skin?
It provides protection against physical and chemical damage and from
pathogens
.
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What is the primary function of the
digestive epithelium
?
It plays an important role in digestion and
absorption
.
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What is the function of the
epithelium
of the
olfactory mucosa
?
It is important for the ability to detect smell.
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What is the role of the
epithelium
of the
glomerulus
?
It is important in filtering blood to produce urine.
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What are the characteristics of
squamous epithelium
?
Cells are thin and smooth on the free surface.
Found in areas requiring physical protection and strength.
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Where is
simple squamous epithelium
typically found?
In the
lungs
and lining of blood vessels.
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Where is
stratified squamous epithelium
found?
In the
vagina
and external layer of skin.
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What is the structure of the
basement membrane
?
Separates the
epithelium
from underlying
connective tissues
.
Provides support and anchorage for epithelial cells.
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What is the
lamina propria
?
A bed of
connective tissue
found in the
digestive
,
respiratory
, and
urinary
systems.
Often contains glands and blood vessels.
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What is the
mucosa
?
The combined
epithelium
,
basement membrane
, and
lamina propria
.
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What are the characteristics of
simple squamous epithelium
?
Single layer of cells.
Facilitates rapid
transport
and
secretion
of large quantities of products.
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What are the characteristics of
stratified squamous epithelium
?
More than one layer of flattened cells.
Protects
underlying
tissue.
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Where is
simple cuboidal epithelium
found?
In
ducts
and areas where
secretion
occurs in small glands.
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Where is
stratified cuboidal epithelium
typically found?
In
salivary glands
and
sweat glands
.
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What are the characteristics of
cuboidal
epithelium
?
Cube-like
cells.
Centrally located
,
spherical
, and large nuclei.
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What is the primary function of
simple cuboidal epithelium
?
Facilitates rapid transport and secretion of large quantities of
products
.
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What is the primary function of
stratified cuboidal epithelium
?
Protects
underlying
tissue.
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What are the characteristics of
columnar epithelium
?
Columnar in shape.
May be
ciliated
or smooth.
Nuclei are
elongated
.
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Where is
simple columnar epithelium
found?
In the
digestive tract
.
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Where is
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
typically found?
In the
respiratory tract
.
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What is the role of
goblet cells
in
columnar epithelium
?
They are
mucus-secreting
cells that help trap harmful particles.
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What are the functions of
microvilli
in
epithelial
cells?
Short cellular projections on the
apical
surface.
Increase surface area for absorption and digestion.
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What is the significance of
cilia
in pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
Cilia help sweep away dust and harmful particles from the respiratory tract.
They work in conjunction with
goblet cells
to trap and remove debris.
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What is the primary function of
goblet cells
?
To produce
mucous
that traps harmful particles
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Where is simple
columnar epithelium
primarily found?
In locations where secretion and absorption are primary functions, such as the
digestive tract
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What is the primary function of
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
?
Secretion
and
protection
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Where is
stratified columnar epithelium
found?
In small amounts in the
male urethra
,
conjunctiva
of the eye, and some glands
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What is the function of
microvilli
in simple
columnar epithelial cells
?
To increase surface area for
absorption
and digestion
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What do
microvilli
form on the surface of
epithelial
cells?
The
'brush border'
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What is keratin and where is it found?
Keratin
is a tough, fibrous
protein
found in the skin
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What is the role of
stereocilia
in the
epididymis
?
To sense movement in passing fluids and convert physical signals to nerve impulses
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Where are
cilia
primarily found?
In the
trachea
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What is the primary function of
cilia
?
To facilitate fluid movement across the
epithelium
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See all 63 cards
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