Cellular respiration

• What is respiration in cells?


  It is a chemical reaction that releases energy.
• What type of respiration is mentioned in the study material?

  Aerobic respiration.
• What is the equation for aerobic respiration?


  glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What are the reactants and products of aerobic respiration?

  The reactants are glucose and oxygen; the products are carbon dioxide and water.
• Where does aerobic respiration occur in cells?


  In the mitochondria of cells.
• What is diffusion?


  It is the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
• How does diffusion relate to respiration?


  Diffusion allows reactants and products to move in and out of the cells during respiration.
• What do cells normally use for respiration and why?


  Cells normally use aerobic respiration because it releases more energy.
• What is another type of respiration mentioned?

  Anaerobic respiration.
• When does anaerobic respiration take place?


  When there is not enough oxygen.
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?


  glucose → lactic acid
• What are the reactants and products of anaerobic respiration in animals?


  The reactant is glucose and the product is lactic acid.
• When do cells use anaerobic respiration?


  When they do not have enough oxygen.
• What does anaerobic respiration produce and what effect can it have?


  It produces lactic acid, which can cause painful cramps in muscles.
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?


  glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• What is fermentation?


  It is the process of anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast.
• Does fermentation use oxygen?


  No, fermentation does not use oxygen.
• What are the reactants and products of fermentation?


  The reactant is glucose; the products are ethanol and carbon dioxide.
• How can anaerobic respiration be used to make useful products?


  It can produce ethanol and carbon dioxide, which are used in various industries.
• What is yeast and what role does it play in fermentation?


  Yeast is a microorganism that carries out fermentation.
• How does yeast contribute to bread making?


  In bread making, the carbon dioxide produced makes the bread rise.
• What role does ethanol play in beer and wine making?

  Ethanol makes the beer and wine alcoholic.
• When does anaerobic respiration occur during exercise?


  During short, intense exercise, like sprinting, when you need a fast release of energy.
• What happens after intense exercise regarding lactic acid?


  You breathe heavily, and the extra oxygen breaks down the lactic acid in the liver.
• What is oxygen debt?


  It is the extra oxygen needed to break down lactic acid in the liver after intense exercise.
• What are the three types of respiration summarized in the study material?

  1. Aerobic respiration
  2. Anaerobic respiration (in animals)
  3. Anaerobic respiration (in plants and yeast)