genetic engineering

• what is meant by 'genetically modified organism'?


  an organism which has had a gene added altering its DNA
• what are plasmids used in genetic engineering?

  used in gene cloning as vectors to transfer DNA from one organism to another
• what are the main stages in producing a genetically engineered bacteria?


  extract required gene, insert required gene into vector/bacterial plasmid, insert plasmid into host cell, grow transformed cells
• what are examples of 'genetically modified organisms' (GMOs)?


  golden rice, venomous cabbage, glofish
• what is the use of enzymes in genetic engineering?


  to cut and seal DNA