5: Tissues, Organs and Organ systems

• What is the pattern of increasing complexity in biological study?

  Levels of organization from cells to systems
• What are cell organelles?

  Parts that make up a cell
• What role do organelles play in a cell?

  Each has a specific role in cell function
• What is a multi-cellular organism?

  A living being made of multiple cells
• What are tissues?

  Groups of similar cells working together
• How are organs defined?

  Structures made of two or more tissues
• What do organ systems consist of?

  Groups of organs with related functions
• How is structure related to function at each level of organization?

  Structure is closely related to function
• How do the cells in the small intestine differ from muscle cells?

  They have different structures for different functions
• What does the structure of the heart reflect?

  Its job of pumping blood
• What is the function of the lungs related to their structure?

  Maximizes efficiency in gas exchange
• What are the levels of organization in biology?

  1. Atomic Level
  2. Molecular Level
  3. Organelle Level
  4. Cellular Level
  5. Tissue Level
  6. Organ Level
  7. Organ System Level
  8. Organism Level
• What is the atomic level in biological organization?

  Atoms are the smallest unit of an element
• Give an example of the atomic level.

  Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• What happens at the molecular level?

  Atoms combine to form molecules
• Give an example of the molecular level.

  Water, DNA, Carbohydrates
• What is the organelle level?

  Biomolecules assemble to form organelles
• Give examples of organelles.

  Nucleus, ribosomes
• What is the smallest unit of life?

  Cells
• What encloses cells?

  A membrane or cell wall
• What do cells in multicellular organisms often perform?

  Specific functions
• What are tissues?

  • Groups of cells
  • Similar functions
• What are the four types of tissues mentioned?

  Muscle, Epithelial, Connective, Nervous
• What are organs made up of?

  Two or more types of tissues
• What is the function of the heart?

  It pumps blood
• What do the lungs do?

  Bring in oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide
• What is the function of the skin?

  Provides a barrier to protect internal structures
• How many tissue types do most organs contain?

  All four tissue types
• What is an organ system?

  A group of organs that perform related functions
• How many organ systems does an organism have?

  Several organ systems
• What is an example of an organ system?

  Digestive System
• What is another example of an organ system?

  Circulatory System
• What is the relationship between organs and tissues?

  • Organs are made of tissues
  • Tissues work together to complete tasks
• What are the organs mentioned in the study material?

  Heart, lungs, stomach, kidneys, skin, liver
• What is the function of the stomach?

  Digests food
• What is the function of the kidneys?

  Filter waste from blood
• What does the liver do?

  Processes nutrients and detoxifies substances
• How do organs work together in an organ system?

  They perform related functions
• What is the primary role of epithelial tissue?

  Covering and protecting surfaces
• What is the primary role of connective tissue?

  Support and bind other tissues