classical Marxist perspective

• the bourgeoisie are the owners of the means of production
• petty bourgeoise are small business owners
• education is based on class division capitalist exploitation
• the bourgeoise are the minority class


  they own the means of production eg) land and factories. they make profit by exploiting the labour of the working class
• the working class are forced to sell their labour to capitalists since they don't own any means of production so they have no other source of income. the work under capitalism is poorly paid, alienating and unsatisfying and the workers have no control. they are under false class consciousness
• Karl Marx argues that a revolution is the only way out of societies' system based on base and superstructure.
• capitalism has not been overthrown as the bourgeoise control the state/ gov
• the education system maintains capitalism and prevents revolution
• the base refers to the economy and is the foundation of everything in society.
• base


  the means of production and relations of production
• the means of production


  tools, machines, factories, land, raw materials
• the relations of production refers to the people needed to produce products
• relations of production


  lumpen proletariat, proletariat, labour aristocracy, petty bourgeoisie, bourgeoisie
• the relation of production drive the production of goods by selling their labour
• the base shapes and maintains the superstructure- the base shapes all the institutions
• superstructure


  art, family, culture, ideology, religion ,philosophy, law, media, politics, sciences, education
• the superstructure maintains and shapes the base
• the superstructure maintains the division based on class
• the base is generally dormant, they do not revolt, they accept the ruling class ideology