Co-ordination & Response

• Cornea:

  • Description: The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil.
  • Function: It refracts (bends) light as it enters the eye, helping to focus light onto the retina.
• Iris:

  • Description: The coloured part of the eye surrounding the pupil.
  • Function: It controls the size of the pupil and thus regulates how much light enters the eye.
• Pupil:

  • Description: The opening hole in the centre of the iris.
  • Function: It allows light to enter the eye.
• Lens:

  • Description: A transparent, flexible disc located behind the pupil.
  • Function: It changes shape (accommodation) to further focus light onto the retina.
• Retina:

  • Description: The innermost layer at the back of the eye containing photoreceptors (rods and cones).
  • Function: Rods detect light intensity (night vision), while cones detect colour (daylight vision). The retina converts light into electrical impulses.
• Optic Nerve:

  • Description: sensory neurones that transmit visual information from photoreceptors in the retina as electrical impulses to the brain.
• Fovea:

  • Description: A small pit in the retina where your eyes see in the best detail.
  • Function: Contains a high concentration of cones for sharp central vision.
• Blind Spot:

  • Description: The area in the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye.
  • Function: Lacks photoreceptors, resulting in a blind spot in our visual field.
• Ciliary Muscles and Suspensory Ligaments:

  • Description: Muscles connected to the lens by ligaments.
  • Function: Adjusts lens shape for focusing on near or distant objects.
• Sclera:

  • Description: The white outer layer of the eyeball.
  • Function: Provides structure and protection to the eye.

• Function of the Eye as a Receptor:

  
  

  The cornea at the front of the eye and lens behind the pupil both help to focus the light by refracting it so that it hits the retina. On the retina, there are photoreceptors (rods and cones) that convert the light into electrical impulses. These impulses are then transmitted via the optic nerve to various parts of the brain, where they are processed into images.