Alkaline Earth Metals

• What is the chemical symbol for Beryllium?


  Be
• Why is Beryllium never employed in medicine?


  Because it is highly toxic
• In what industrial application is Beryllium commonly used?


  Fluorescent lamps
• What property of Beryllium makes it suitable for use in fluorescent lamps?


  Its ability to fluoresce under ultraviolet light
• What is the lightest structurally important metal?

  Magnesium
• What role does Magnesium play in chlorophyll?


  It is a crucial component
• What are two magnesium compounds that act as laxatives?

  Magnesium sulfate and magnesium citrate
• How does Magnesium function as a natural calcium-channel blocker?


  It helps in muscle relaxation and prevents calcium overload in cells
• What is the antidote for magnesium toxicity?


  Calcium gluconate
• What is magnesium carbonate used for?


  As an antacid and laxative
• What is magnesium hydroxide commonly known as?


  Milk of magnesia
• What are the uses of magnesium sulfate?


  It is used as a cathartic, anticonvulsant, and antidote for barium toxicity
• What is hydrated magnesium silicate commonly used for?


  As a dusting powder, clarifying agent, and filtering agent
• What is the second most abundant cation in extracellular fluids?

  Calcium
• What vitamin is necessary for maximum absorption of calcium?

  Vitamin D
• Why is calcium crucial for the body?


  It is essential for blood coagulation, muscle contraction, and neurotransmitter release
• What condition is characterized by bone weakening due to calcium deficiency?

  Osteoporosis
• What is osteomalacia?


  Softening of bones in adults
• What condition results in softening of bones in children?

  Rickets
• What is hypocalcemia?


  Low calcium levels
• What is calcium carbonate used for?


  As an antacid and a common ingredient in toothpaste
• What is calcium gluconate used for?


  As a calcium supplement and replenisher
• What is calcium chloride known as?


  Muriate of lime
• What is the use of calcium hydroxide?


  As an antacid and saponifying agent
• What is calcium oxide commonly known as?


  Quicklime
• What is the use of calcium sulfate (CaSO₄ · 1/2H₂O)?


  Used in surgical casts and dental impressions
• What is strontium used for in industry?


  In the manufacture of flares
• What is strontium chloride used for?


  As a temperature desensitizing agent in products like Sensodyne toothpaste
• What is the toxicity associated with barium exposure?


  It causes baritosis
• What is the antidote for barium toxicity?


  Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate)
• What is barium sulfate used for?


  As a radiopaque substance for gastrointestinal imaging
• What is the use of barium hydroxide?


  As a carbon dioxide absorbent in closed breathing environments
• What is radium known for?


  It is a highly radioactive metal
• Who discovered radium?

  Marie Curie
• What is the medical use of radium?


  In cancer radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes
• For what purpose is radium used in the treatment of various cancers?


  For diagnostic purposes