Coeliac Disease

• What is coeliac disease?


  It is a serious condition affecting the small intestine caused by an immune reaction to gluten.
• What causes the immune response in coeliac disease?


  The immune reaction is triggered by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
• What happens to the lining of the small intestine in coeliac disease?


  The immune response damages the lining, preventing nutrient absorption.
• What are the common symptoms of coeliac disease?


  • Indigestion
  • Stomach Pain/Cramping
  • Feeling tired/weak
  • Children not growing at expected rate
  • Unexpected weight loss/gain
  • Anaemia and Other Nutritional Deficiencies
• What are the potential complications of coeliac disease?


  • Osteoporosis
  • Infertility
  • Increased risk of certain cancers
• What techniques can be used to monitor coeliac disease?


  1. Ultrasound
  2. Gastroscopy
  3. Cholangiography
• How does an ultrasound work in examining coeliac disease?


  Sound waves bounce back off the body, forming an image on a screen.
• What is the purpose of a gastroscopy?


  To examine the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum using an endoscope.
• How long does a gastroscopy procedure typically take?


  About 1 hour.
• What does cholangiography reveal about coeliac disease?


  It provides information about the condition of the gallbladder and bile ducts.
• What is the primary treatment for coeliac disease?


  • Give up all food containing gluten for life
  • Vaccinations to prevent infections
  • Vitamin and mineral supplements for dietary deficiencies
• What is the genetic link associated with coeliac disease?


  It is associated with genes HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8.
• How does family history affect the risk of developing coeliac disease?

  Your chances are higher if you have a family history of the disease.
• What evidence suggests about introducing gluten to a baby's diet?

  Introducing gluten may increase the risk of developing coeliac disease later in life.
• What dietary changes are necessary for individuals with coeliac disease?

  • Remove gluten from the diet
  • Exclude wheat products
  • Regularly take additional vitamins and minerals
• Why is hand hygiene important for individuals with coeliac disease?


  They are more susceptible to infections due to a weakened immune system.
• How can alcohol affect individuals with coeliac disease?

  Alcohol can sometimes worsen the effects of gluten intolerance.