psychology- brain&neuropsychology

• What does CNS stand for?


  Central Nervous System
• What is the primary responsibility of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?


  It is responsible for decision making.
• What does PNS stand for?


  Peripheral Nervous System
• What is the role of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?


  It sends information around the body.
• What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
• What are the two types of nervous systems within the Peripheral Nervous System?

  Somatic NS and autonomic NS
• What do somatic nerves control?


  They control voluntary movements.
• What do autonomic nerves control?


  They control involuntary movements such as breathing and digestion.
• What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?


  Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
• What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?


  It controls the fight or flight response.
• What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?


  It controls rest and digest functions.
• What are the key functions of the nervous system?

  • Decision making (CNS)
  • Sending information around the body (PNS)
  • Controlling voluntary movements (Somatic nerves)
  • Regulating involuntary movements (Autonomic nerves)
• How do the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems differ?

  The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for fight or flight, while the parasympathetic nervous system promotes rest and digestion.
• What is an example of an involuntary movement controlled by the autonomic nervous system?


  Breathing
• What is an example of a voluntary movement controlled by the somatic nervous system?


  Writing
• What is the term used for the body's response to perceived threats?

  Fight or flight response
• What part of the brain is involved in detecting threats during the fight or flight response?

  The hypothalamus
• What system is activated by the hypothalamus during the fight or flight response?


  The Autonomic Nervous System
• Which branch of the Autonomic Nervous System is activated during the fight or flight response?


  The sympathetic nervous system
• What hormone is released into the bloodstream during the fight or flight response?


  Adrenaline
• What physiological changes occur in the body due to adrenaline release during the fight or flight response?


  Increased heart rate and dilation of pupils
• What happens to digestion during the fight or flight response?


  Digestion stops
• What occurs after the threat has passed in the fight or flight response?

  The parasympathetic nervous system activates
• What are the stages of the fight or flight response?


  1. Detecting the threat (hypothalamus activation)
  2. Activation of the Autonomic Nervous System
  3. Release of adrenaline from adrenal glands
  4. Physiological changes (increased heart rate, stopped digestion)
  5. Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system after the threat
• What is one strength of the James-Lange theory?


  It has real-life examples of physiological changes occurring before brain registration.
• How does the James-Lange theory add validity to its claims?


  By providing real-life applications of physiological changes.
• What is one weakness of the James-Lange theory?


  Some physiological changes can occur with different emotions.
• How does the overlap of physiological changes in different emotions affect the James-Lange theory?


  It weakens the validity of the theory.