lecture 3 structural organisation

• What are the three types of proper dense connective tissue?


  Regular, irregular, and elastic
• What type of cartilage is hyaline?


  Cartilage, hyaline
• What is the function of blood in the cardiovascular system?


  It carries nutrients, wastes, and respiratory gases throughout the body
• Why is blood classified as a connective tissue?


  Because it develops from mesenchyme and consists of blood cells in a fluid matrix
• What are the "fibers" of blood?


  Soluble protein molecules that form visible structures during clotting
• What do osteoblasts produce in bone tissue?


  The organic portion of the matrix
• What is an osteon?


  A structural unit of bone consisting of concentric rings of lamellae
• What do lacunae contain in bone tissue?


  Osteocytes (mature bone cells)
• What are the three types of covering and lining membranes?

  • Cutaneous membranes
  • Mucous membranes
  • Serous membranes
• What are protective membranes composed of?


  • Continuous multicellular sheets
  • At least two primary tissue types: an epithelium and connective tissue proper
• What type of epithelium is found in the epidermis of the skin?


  Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
• What do mucous membranes line?


  All body cavities that open to the outside
• What is the lamina propria?


  A layer of areolar connective tissue beneath the epithelial sheet in mucous membranes
• What is the structure of the serous membrane?


  • Thin, double-layered membrane
  • Covers the walls of the ventral body cavity (parietal serosa)
  • Covers the outer surfaces of organs within the ventral cavity (visceral serosa)
• What is serous fluid?


  A lubricating fluid secreted by parietal and visceral membranes
• What are the two main internal body cavities?

  The dorsal and ventral body cavities
• What does the dorsal body cavity contain?


  The cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity
• What is housed in the ventral body cavity?


  Internal organs collectively called the viscera
• What are the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity?


  • Thoracic cavity
  • Abdominopelvic cavity
• What does the pericardial cavity contain?


  The heart
• What does the pleural cavity contain?


  The lungs
• What does the abdominal cavity contain?


  Digestive viscera including the stomach and intestines
• What does the pelvic cavity contain?


  Bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs
• What are the contents of the thoracic cavity?


  • Lungs
  • Heart
  • Esophagus
  • Trachea
• What are the contents of the abdominopelvic cavity?


  • Abdominal cavity: stomach, intestines, spleen, liver
  • Pelvic cavity: urinary bladder, rectum, reproductive organs