protein synthesis

• what organelles are involved in protein synthesis in order?

  • nucleus ( mRNA )
  • RER / cytoplasm ( ribosomes )
  • transport vesicle
  • Golgi apparatus
  • excretion vesicle
  • cell surface membrane
• how does protein synthesis occur ( up to golgi modification )

  • the mRNA takes a coy of a gene of DNA ( transcription )
  • the mRNA leaves the nucleus via the nuclear pores on the nuclear envelope
  • the mRNA then travels to ribosomes either in the cytoplasm or on the RER
  • the ribosomes then code the amino acids in the correct order via tRNA ( translation )
  • the polypeptide is packaged into a transport vesicle
  • the transport vesicle then arrives at the golgi apparatus
  • the golgi apparatus modifies the polypeptide with a prosthetic group ( like a carbohydrate )
• how does protein synthesis occur after golgi modification

  • the golgi apparatus then packages the modified protein into an excretion vesicle
  • the excretion vesicle then fuses with the cell surface membrane
• what vesicle transports between ribosomes and golgi apparatus

  transport vesicle
• what vesicle transports between golgi apparatus and plasma membrane

  excretion vesicle
• how many bases code for 1 amino acid

  3 bases codes for 1 amino acid