microscopy

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video on electron microscopes?


  The advantages of an electron microscope over a light microscope
• What is the primary function of microscopes?


  To magnify images of specimens
• What did early microscopes look like?


  They looked much simpler than modern microscopes
• What important discoveries have light microscopes allowed us to make?


  Discoveries about the structures inside cells, such as the nucleus
• What are the two main problems with light microscopes?


  Limited magnification and limited resolution
• Why can't we easily view structures inside the nucleus with a light microscope?


  Because the magnification is not powerful enough
• What does limited resolution in light microscopes mean?


  It means the image is blurred, even at higher magnifications
• What was invented to explore structures inside cells in detail?

  The electron microscope
• What are the key advantages of electron microscopes over light microscopes?


  They have much greater magnification and resolution
• How can we calculate the magnification of a microscope?


  By using the equation: magnification = size of the image / size of the real object
• What will you be given in the exam regarding magnification calculations?


  You will be given the equation but not the triangle
• If the size of the image of the nucleus is 45 mm and the real diameter is 0.01 mm, what is the magnification?


  The magnification is 4,500 times
• If the image size of the mitochondrion is 30 mm and the real size is 0.03 mm, what is the magnification?


  The magnification is 1,000 times
• How do you calculate the size of the real object if you know the image size and magnification?


  By using the equation: size of the real object = size of the image / magnification
• If the size of the image is 87 mm and the magnification is 2,000 times, what is the size of the real cell?


  The size of the real cell is 0.435 mm
• What are the advantages of electron microscopes compared to light microscopes?


  • Much greater magnification
  • Much greater resolution
  • Ability to see fine details in specimens
• What is the process for calculating magnification?


  1. Measure the size of the image
  2. Measure the size of the real object
  3. Use the formula: magnification = size of the image / size of the real object
• How do you calculate the size of the real object from the image size and magnification?


  1. Measure the size of the image
  2. Know the magnification
  3. Use the formula: size of the real object = size of the image / magnification