conduction convection and radiation

• conduction occurs in solids

  • when heated the particles vibrate and move faster and transfer energy to the kinetic energy store of neighbouring particles
• metals have a high thermal conductivity

  plastic have a low thermal conductivity - used as insulators
• convection - liquids, gases where particles are free to move (fluids)
• in liquids and gases the particles aren't fixed

  • when heated they transfer kinetic energy
• particles diffuse from a warmer region to a cooler region making the area less dense
• the cycle repeats which is called a convection current
• reducing convection by stopping the free flow of fluids
• radiation - all objects emit electromagnetic waves at different wavelengths
• radiation - transfer without particles and travel through a vacuum
• Infrared waves - form of electromagnetic radiation
• the hotter the object = more radiation