data and graphs

• What are the main types of data presentation methods?

  • Verbal summaries for qualitative data
  • Tables for categorical data
  • Bar charts for comparing means
  • Histograms for continuous data
  • Scatter graphs for relationships between two variables
  • Line graphs for continuous data trends
• What type of data is presented in a bar chart?


  Mean number of words spoken in different conditions
• What is the purpose of a histogram?


  To display continuous data divided into equal class intervals
• What does a scatter graph indicate?


  The strength and direction of the correlation between two variables
• How are line graphs constructed?


  By plotting data points and connecting them with straight lines
• What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?


  Quantitative data is expressed numerically, while qualitative data is non-numerical
• How can qualitative data be summarized?


  By using categories to group data and including participant quotations
• What is meta-analysis in research methods?


  • Combining results from multiple studies
  • Aiming to provide an overall statistical conclusion
  • Useful for gaining a comprehensive view of a topic
• Why is it beneficial to combine results from multiple studies?


  It provides a more comprehensive understanding of the research topic