urban issues and challenges2

• why are cities growing so quickly

  • rural-urban migration
  • natural increase
• push factors

  • farming is difficult and pay is low
  • climate factor
  • healthcare is poor
  • education is poor
  • few opportunities
• pull factors

  • better paid jobs
  • higher standard of living
  • public transport
  • better education
  • entertainment
  • better housing
• Natural increase -The difference between

  the birth rate and the death rate ( when the

  birth rate is higher )
• 
  

  Megacity - A megacity is a city with a

  population of more than 10 million people
• Squatter settlement - An area of poor

  quality housing, lacking in amenities such as

  water supply, sewerage and electricity,

  which often develops spontaneously and

  illegally in a city
• Regional– Relates to part of a country
• International– Affecting multiple countries
• National– Relates to a country as a whole
• Favelas – The name given for a Brazilian

  squatter settlement.
• most mega cities are in nee
• challenges of megacitys

  • access to housing
  • access to services
  • availability of land , food , water and electricity
  • air and water pollution
• example of water pollutions

  • just 5 % of the sewage dumped in river yamuna in dehli is treated
• example of land pollution

  • dehli generates 8,700 tonnes of waste per day
• air pollution

  • 27 % of air pollution in india came from cars