Fast recap

• What is the main premise of Social Learning Theory according to Bandura (1986)?


  New patterns of behaviour are acquired through observation of others.
• How do models contribute to Social Learning Theory?


  Models provide examples of behaviour that can be observed and imitated.
• What are the key determinants in Social Learning Theory?


  The key determinants are the characteristics of the model, the observer's ability to perform the behaviour, and its observed consequences.
• What does identification with a model depend on?


  Identification with a model is based on perceived similarity.
• What is vicarious reinforcement in Social Learning Theory?


  Vicarious reinforcement is when individuals learn about the likely consequences of behaviour by observing others.
• What must individuals do to learn through observation according to Social Learning Theory?


  Individuals must form mental representations of the behaviour and its probable consequences.
• What are the applications of Social Learning Theory in understanding criminal behaviour?


  • Offers a way to understand criminal behaviour (Ulrich).
  • Highlights the role of models in learning aggressive behaviours.
• What research supports the idea of identification in Social Learning Theory?


  Research shows learning is more effective from similar than dissimilar models (Fox and Bailenson).
• What is a criticism of Social Learning Theory regarding criminal behaviour?


  A criticism is the problem of causality, suggesting criminal behaviour may not solely be due to exposure to deviant models (Siegel and McCormick).
• What was the procedure in Bandura et al.'s (1961) study?


  Children observed aggressive or non-aggressive models interacting with a Bobo doll.
• What did the aggressive model do in Bandura et al.'s study?


  The aggressive model displayed distinctive physical and verbal aggressive acts toward the doll.
• What were the findings of Bandura et al.'s study regarding children's behaviour?


  Children who observed the aggressive model imitated their aggression, while those who observed the non-aggressive model showed little aggression.
• What is a problem of complexity in Social Learning Theory?


  Advocates of SLT may disregard other potential influences on behaviour.
• How has identification been shown to be important in social learning?


  Identification has been shown to be important in social learning, as evidenced by studies like Andsager's on health campaigns.