Cognitive Approach

• What is the focus of the cognitive approach in psychology?


  The study of internal mental processes
• What is the role of schemas in the cognitive approach?

  Schemas help organize and interpret information
• How do theoretical and computer models contribute to the cognitive approach?


  They provide frameworks for understanding cognitive processes
• What is cognitive neuroscience?


  The study of the relationship between brain function and cognitive processes
• What are the strengths of the cognitive approach?


  • Many applications across psychology
  • Relies on scientific methods
• Why is the scientific nature of the cognitive approach considered a strength?


  It allows for objective measurement and validation of theories
• What is a limitation of computer models in the cognitive approach?


  They do not always provide a complete account of human behavior
• What does the cognitive approach tend to ignore?


  The role of emotion and motivation in influencing behavior
• What is a common issue with studies conducted by cognitive psychologists?


  Many studies lack ecological validity
• What are key terms associated with the cognitive approach?

  • Cognition
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Cognitive models
  • Computer modelling
  • Independent variable
  • Schema
  • Therapeutic models
• When did the idea of human cognition become prominent in psychology?

  Mid twentieth century
• What did the cognitive approach emphasize compared to behaviorism?

  Internal manipulation of sensory information
• What method was predominantly used by philosophical and psychodynamic approaches?

  Introspection
• Why was introspection rejected by the cognitive approach?

  It was not scientific enough
• What are the assumptions of the cognitive approach?

  • The mind actively processes sensory information
  • Complex mental processes exist between stimulus and response
  • Humans function as data processing systems
  • The human mind and computers share similarities in processing
• What internal mental processes does the cognitive approach study?

  Attention, memory, and decision-making
• How might an investigation in cognitive psychology compare memorization abilities?

  By presenting words verbally or visually
• What does the Information-Processing Model describe?

  The relationship between information encoding and output
• How might an artist use cognitive processes according to the Information-Processing Model?

  By deciding paint colors based on visual input
• What does the Computational model emphasize in cognitive processes?

  How we structure the process to output
• What does the Connectionist model focus on?

  The mind as a network of neurons
• What is a schema in cognitive psychology?

  An internal script for expected behavior
• How can schemas affect eyewitness testimony?

  They can distort memory of events
• What field emerged in the latter half of the twentieth century related to cognitive psychology?

  Cognitive neuroscience
• What techniques does cognitive neuroscience incorporate?

  Brain scanning techniques
• What are the strengths of the cognitive approach?

  • Useful models for explaining mental processes
  • Strong focus on internal processes
  • Scientific experimental methods
• What are the weaknesses of the cognitive approach?

  • Oversimplification of complex processes
  • Data from unrealistic laboratory tasks
  • Unsophisticated analogy comparing mind to machine
• the cognitive approach - mental processes, theoretical and computer models to explain how brain processes information
• Limitations of cognitive - lacks ecological validity as done in lab settings and is reductionist as oversimplifies complex behaviours