geography (living world)

• What was one immediate response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake?


  People fled their homes.
• Why was rubble moved to the side of the road after the Haiti earthquake?


  To allow emergency vehicles to reach victims.
• What was a common action taken by people after the earthquake?


  Looting of local shops for food and water.
• What were the long-term responses to the Haiti earthquake?


  • Charity organizations provided aid.
  • Aid was airlifted in or sent by ship.
  • Camps were set up with thousands of tents.
  • Houses were built rapidly to reduce homelessness.
• How many people died in the 2010 Haiti earthquake?


  316,000 dead.
• How many people were left homeless after the Haiti earthquake?


  1. 5 million homeless.
• What was the financial cost to rebuild Haiti after the earthquake?

  11.5 billion dollars to rebuild.
• What disease outbreak occurred after the Haiti earthquake?


  Cholera outbreak.
• Why is Haiti considered one of the poorest countries on Earth?


  It has a high reliance on international aid and many jobs were lost.
• What was the magnitude of the Haiti earthquake?


  1. 0 magnitude.
• How does the Haiti earthquake compare to the Christchurch earthquake?


  It was not as strong as the Christchurch earthquake.
• What type of plate boundary caused the Haiti earthquake?


  Conservative plate boundary.
• What happens at a conservative plate boundary?


  Plates rub together.
• What is the epicenter of an earthquake?


  The central point of friction where seismic waves originate.
• What type of earthquakes occur at shallow depths?


  Only shallow earthquakes occur.
• What are the components of an ecosystem?

  • Biotic components: plants, animals, producers, carnivores, herbivores, detritivores.
  • Abiotic components: climate, temperature, rainfall, soil, water, light.
• Where are tropical rainforests typically located?

  Close to the equator.
• Why do tropical rainforests have high levels of biodiversity?

  Due to the humid climate and abundant rainfall.
• What percentage of carbon dioxide is absorbed by tropical rainforests?


  40% of carbon dioxide.
• What is one adaptation of lianas in the rainforest?


  They grow around other trees to reach sunlight.
• What is the purpose of drip tip leaves in rainforest plants?


  To funnel water off and to the roots.
• How do epiphytes adapt to their environment?


  They grow in the cracks or on branches of other trees to reach sunlight.
• What is the function of buttress roots in rainforest trees?


  To anchor tall trees in thin soil.
• What is the purpose of fan palms in the rainforest?


  To catch sunlight and rain.
• Why do desert soils have low fertility?


  There is little organic matter due to lack of vegetation.
• What is one consequence of desertification in the Sahel region?


  Farmers are forced to move onto neighboring lands, causing conflict.
• How does afforestation help combat desertification?


  Trees provide shade, reducing evaporation and soil erosion.
• What are 'magic stones' used for in desertification management?


  They trap water and soil when rain washes down hillsides.
• What is a natural hazard?


  A natural phenomenon that might negatively affect humans or the environment.
• What are tectonic hazards?


  Hazards involving movement in the earth's crust, such as earthquakes.
• What is the difference between continental and oceanic plates?


  Continental plates are older and lighter, while oceanic plates are younger and heavier.
• What are the three types of plate movement?

  1. Conservative: Plates rub together, causing shallow earthquakes.
  2. Constructive: Plates move apart, allowing magma to rise and form new crust.
  3. Destructive: Heavy oceanic plates go under continental plates, causing volcanic eruptions.
• What is the purpose of predicting earthquakes?


  To monitor areas for signs of an upcoming earthquake.
• How can buildings be designed to protect against earthquakes?


  By ensuring they can withstand seismic activity.
• What are tropical storms?


  Areas of extreme low pressure where warm air rises.
• What is the minimum sea temperature required for a tropical storm to form?


  27°C.
• What category was Typhoon Haiyan?


  Category 5 typhoon.
• When did Typhoon Haiyan strike the Philippines?


  On 8th November 2013.
• What was the wind speed of Typhoon Haiyan?


  314 kph (195 mph).
• How many people were displaced by Typhoon Haiyan?


  1. 9 million people.