the human nervous system

• What is the primary function of the nervous system in humans?


  To react to the environment and coordinate behavior
• What is the main parts of the nervous system?

  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
• What does the Central Nervous System (CNS) comprise?


  The brain and spinal cord
• What is the role of the Peripheral Nervous System?


  To transmit signals between the CNS and the rest of the body
• What are neurones?


  Specialized cells that transmit information as electrical impulses
• What are the main components of a neurone?


  • Dendrites: Receive signals from other neurones
  • Axon: Transmits impulses away from the cell body
  • Myelin Sheath: Insulates the axon, increasing impulse speed
• What is the function of dendrites in a neurone?


  To receive signals from other neurones
• What does the axon do in a neurone?


  Transmits impulses away from the cell body
• What is the role of the myelin sheath?


  To insulate the axon and increase the speed of impulse transmission
• What is the pathway of information in the nervous system?


  1. Stimulus detected by receptors
  2. Sensory neurones carry impulses to the CNS
  3. CNS processes information
  4. Motor neurones send response signals to effectors
• What initiates the process of information transmission in the nervous system?

  A stimulus detected by receptors
• What are reflex actions?


  Automatic and rapid responses to stimuli
• What are the components of a reflex arc?

  • Sensory Neurone: Transmits impulses from receptors to the CNS
  • Relay Neurone: Connects sensory and motor neurones within the CNS
  • Motor Neurone: Carries impulses from the CNS to effectors
  • Synapse: Junction between neurones for neurotransmitter transmission
• What happens when you touch something hot?

  A reflex action triggers a quick withdrawal of your hand
• Why are reflex actions important?


  They protect the body from harm and enable quick responses