control of blood glucose levels

• Why is blood glucose concentration important for the body?


  It is crucial for maintaining the body’s energy levels.
• What role does the pancreas play in blood glucose concentration?


  The pancreas monitors and controls blood glucose levels through hormone secretion.
• Which hormones are primarily involved in the control of blood glucose levels?


  Insulin and glucagon.
• What happens when blood glucose levels rise after a meal?

  The pancreas releases insulin to lower blood glucose levels.
• How does insulin facilitate glucose uptake in the body?


  It helps glucose enter body cells, especially muscle and liver cells.
• What is the outcome of insulin's action on blood glucose levels?


  It lowers blood glucose levels to a normal range.
• What triggers the release of glucagon from the pancreas?


  Low blood glucose levels, such as between meals or during exercise.
• What does glucagon do in the body?


  It signals the liver to convert glycogen back into glucose and release it into the bloodstream.
• What is the outcome of glucagon's action on blood glucose levels?


  It raises blood glucose levels to ensure sufficient energy.
• How do insulin and glucagon work together to regulate blood glucose levels?


  • Insulin lowers blood glucose levels when they are high.
  • Glucagon raises blood glucose levels when they are low.
  • This interaction forms a negative feedback mechanism.
• What is diabetes characterized by?


  Problems with blood glucose regulation.
• What are the two main types of diabetes and their characteristics?

  Type 1 Diabetes:

  • Autoimmune disorder with little to no insulin production.
  • Symptoms include uncontrolled high blood glucose levels.
  • Managed with insulin injections.

  
  

  Type 2 Diabetes:

  • Insulin resistance often linked to obesity.
  • Symptoms may include high blood glucose levels, developing gradually.
  • Managed through diet, exercise, and sometimes medication.
• What social and ethical issues are associated with Type 2 diabetes?


  • Awareness of lifestyle factors contributing to obesity.
  • Access to healthy foods and exercise opportunities.
  • Implications for healthcare systems in managing chronic conditions.