biology

• Where is DNA found in a plant cell?

  Nucleus
• How do we separate substances based on their size?

  Filtration
• What enzyme is used to break down protein?

  Protease
• Is it true that detergents break down fats?


  True
• What is the nature of the genetic code described in a gene?

  Order of bases
• What are the bases in DNA?

  Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
• What does the genetic code provide instructions for?

  Manufacture of a protein
• How can DNA be extracted from fruit?

  1. Mash the fruit to break cells
  2. Use salt and detergent to break down cell membranes
  3. Add ice-cold alcohol to precipitate DNA
• Why do you mash the kiwi during DNA extraction?

  To break up the cells for extraction
• What is the purpose of salt and washing up liquid in DNA extraction?

  Breaks up cells and prevents DNA degradation
• What does ice-cold alcohol do in DNA extraction?

  Precipitates out the DNA and makes it visible
• What are the variables in the DNA extraction experiment?

  • Dependent: Observation of DNA
  • Controlled: Mass of fruit, volume of buffer, crushing method, volume of ethanol, temperature, pH
  • Independent: Could vary species of plant or mass of plant matter
• What is the dependent variable in the DNA extraction experiment?

  Qualitative observation of the DNA
• What are controlled variables in the DNA extraction experiment?

  Mass of fruit, volume of buffer, etc.
• What could be varied in the DNA extraction experiment?

  Species of plant or mass of plant matter
• What was the purpose of the student's experiment comparing DNA from strawberries and kiwis?

  To compare the mass of extracted DNA