Everything science-term 1

• What are the tiny units that living things are made up of?

  Cells
• How many main types of cells are there?


  Two
• What are the main components of an animal cell?

  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
• What are the main components of a plant cell?

  • Nucleus
  • Chloroplast
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Vacuole
  • Cell wall
• What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?


  It controls all cell activities
• Where do chemical reactions take place in a cell?


  In the cytoplasm
• What does the cell membrane do?


  It controls what can enter or exit the cell
• What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?


  It keeps the cell's shape
• What is the role of the vacuole in plant cells?


  It contains sap and helps to keep cell shape
• What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?


  They contain chlorophyll which traps light energy for photosynthesis
• Why is a microscope needed to view cells?


  Because most cells are too small to see with just our eyes
• What are the main parts of a microscope?

  • Eyepiece lens
  • Focussing wheel
  • Mirror
  • Base
  • Objective lens
  • Stage
• What do different cells do in living organisms?


  They look different and carry out different jobs; they are specialized
• What do groups of cells form?


  They form tissues
• What do tissues work together to form?


  Organs
• What do organs work together to form?


  Organ systems
• What do organ systems come together to form?


  An organism
• Do plants have tissues, organs, and systems?


  Yes
• What do sperm cells carry?


  Half the genetic information
• How are red blood cells adapted?


  They are adapted to carry oxygen
• How long can nerve cells be?


  Up to 2 meters
• How do muscle cells help us?


  They can change their length to help us move
• What is the function of root hair cells?


  They give a bigger surface area to take in water from the soil
• What do palisade cells contain to help with photosynthesis?


  Chloroplasts
• What is the function of the heart?


  To pump blood around the body
• How many chambers does the heart have?


  Four
• What does the right side of the heart do?


  It pumps blood to the lungs
• What does the left side of the heart do?


  It pumps blood around the rest of the body
• What does blood deliver to the body's cells?


  Oxygen and food
• What is blood made up of?

  Red blood cells, white blood cells, and plasma
• What do red blood cells do?


  They carry oxygen
• What do white blood cells do?


  They protect against disease
• What does plasma carry?


  Digested food and carbon dioxide
• What do arteries do?


  They carry blood away from the heart
• What do veins do?


  They carry blood into the heart
• What are the main parts of the breathing system?

  • Windpipe
  • Bronchus
  • Bronchioles
  • Air sacs
  • Ribs
  • Lung
  • Diaphragm
• How do we breathe in air?

  Through our nose or mouth
• What happens to air after it passes down the windpipe?


  It goes into the bronchus and then into the bronchioles
• What occurs at the end of the bronchioles?


  Gas exchange takes place
• What happens during gas exchange?


  Oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out