Respiration

• What is the primary source of energy for most living organisms?

  Molecules of glucose
• What is cellular respiration?


  It is an exothermic reaction that transfers energy from glucose.
• What does the term "exothermic" mean in the context of cellular respiration?


  It means that the reaction releases energy.
• Where does aerobic respiration take place in cells?


  In the mitochondria.
• What are three examples of how organisms use energy?

  Building larger molecules, muscular contraction, and maintaining body temperature.
• What is metabolism?


  • The combination of all chemical processes in a living organism
  • Maintains life
  • Includes reactions that require and do not require energy
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?


  Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
• Why is aerobic respiration considered more efficient than anaerobic respiration?


  It transfers energy from glucose more effectively when oxygen is present.
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?


  Glucose → Lactic Acid
• What are the two main reasons why anaerobic respiration is less preferred?


  Incomplete breakdown of glucose and lactic acid buildup.
• How does anaerobic respiration differ in plants and yeast compared to humans?


  It produces ethanol and carbon dioxide instead of lactic acid.
• What is fermentation and how is it used in industry?


  • Anaerobic respiration in yeast
  • Produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
  • Used in bread-making for lightness
  • Used in brewing beer and wine
• What is produced during fermentation in yeast?


  Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
• Why do we add yeast to bread?


  To produce carbon dioxide that makes the bread light and fluffy.
• What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?


  To release energy from glucose.