structure

• What is the main focus of the video discussed in the study material?

  The anatomy of the urinary system, specifically the structure of the kidneys
• What are the three main roles of the kidneys?


  Remove waste products, regulate ion levels, and regulate water levels in the blood
• Through which arteries does blood enter the kidneys?

  Renal arteries
• What happens to blood as it cycles through the kidneys?

  It passes in through the renal arteries and out through the renal veins
• What is produced from the blood by the kidneys?


  Urine
• What is the pathway of urine after it is produced in the kidneys?


  It passes down the ureters, is stored in the bladder, and is expelled through the urethra
• What is the purpose of slicing a kidney in a cross-section?


  To examine the internal structure and anatomy of the kidney
• What are the tiny structures in the kidneys called?

  Nephrons
• What does the yellow part of the nephron represent?


  The tubule that carries the filtered fluid
• What is the role of the glomerulus in the nephron?


  It filters the liquid part of the blood into the Bowman's capsule
• What substances can be filtered through to the Bowman's capsule?


  Water, amino acids, urea, glucose, and ions
• What percentage of plasma in the blood is filtered through to the Bowman's capsule?


  About 20 percent
• What happens to the fluid after it passes through the glomerulus?


  It passes along the tubules where reabsorption occurs
• What is selective reabsorption in the kidneys?


  The process of reabsorbing only the substances the body needs back into the blood
• Which substances are almost completely reabsorbed by the kidneys?


  Glucose and amino acids
• What happens to urea during the reabsorption process?


  None of it is reabsorbed
• What are the parts of the nephron in order?

  1. Glomerulus
  2. Bowman's capsule
  3. Proximal convoluted tubule
  4. Loop of Henle
  5. Distal convoluted tubule
  6. Collecting duct
• What is the final classification of fluid that passes out of the collecting duct?


  It is classed as urine
• What happens to urine after it is formed in the kidneys?


  It passes down the ureter to the bladder
• What is the role of the bladder in the urinary system?


  To store urine until it is expelled
• Through which structure is urine expelled from the body?

  Urethra