Low energy coastline- The Nile Delta

• What is a Delta?

  A Delta is a landform where a river meets a body of water, characterized by sediment deposition.
• Where is the Nile Delta formed?

  Northern Egypt
• How much of the Mediterranean coastline does the Nile Delta cover?


  About 240 kilometers.
• How long is the Nile Delta?


  160 kilometers
• whats an arcuate delta?

  Deltas with this triangular or fan shape are called arcuate (arc-like) deltas.
• Where is the Nile Delta located in between ?


  Alexandria and Port Said
• Why is the Nile Delta a low energy environment?


  rates of fluvial deposition.
• What has fluvial deposition in the Nile Delta exceeded?


  Rates of marine erosion for over 3000 years.
• What is apart of the Nile Deltas sandy zone?

  Composed of sand formations such-as; sheets and dunes.
• What is the Manzala bar?

  a wetland
• What’s a wetland?

  Ecosystem with water and wet soil.
• What is the prevailing wind pattern at the Nile Delta


  North west
• What do northern westerly winds do to the delta?

  Enhance the constant eastward movement of water and sediment.
• What does the Delta coast include?

  Wetlands, marshes, and estuaries.
• What’s an estuary?


  Coastal inlet.
• What else does the Nile Delta include?

  Sand bars- typical of tidal seas (are underwater)
• What has the Nile Deltas foreshore plain done? 


  Has elongated ridges running almost parallel to the present shoreline and it alternates with lagoons, salt marshes and alluvial deposits in the depression between them.
• What is alluvial deposition?


  Sediment accumulation.
• What is meant by the depression between landforms?

  A landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area.
• What causes the formation of distributaries?


  Deposition.
• What is the delta governed by?


  A decrease in the rate of relative sea level rise.
• Why is the Nile Delta shrinking?


  Due to erosion on the Mediterranean coastline.
• What has the sediment budget of the River Delta been affected by?


  by an imbalance between the two major forces affecting the delta (erosion and accretion)
• What is accretion?


  Gradual growth or increase.
• Increased erosion And rates of costal retreats in the Nile Delta are as high as 


  148 m/year
• Inter relationships of the landforms:

  cotton needs lots of water to grow, people used the Nile to help their crops. - very fertile land.
• How much of Egypts food supply is the River Nile responsible for?


  90%
• what has the landforms created a rise in (human)

  A rise in fisheries
• how much does the Mediterranean Sea rise each year?


  The Mediterranean Sea rises about 1.5 millimeters per year.
• What does the deeper water produce at the Nile Delta?


  Larger waves, with higher amounts of energy which reach further inland.