Osteoporosis

• Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk
• Osteoporisis

  Best source of calcium for FILIPINOS: Sardines
• Osteoporosis

  Common in: Menopause due to decreased estrogen
• Osteoporosis

  Sunlight is NOT a source of vitamin D, but only activates it in the kidney then liver
• Osteoporosis Clinical Manifestations

  • Decreasing height 10 to 15 cm due to collapsing vertebrae
  • Back pain: T5 to L5
  • Dowager's hump - curved upper back
  • Complication: Pathologic Fracture with minimal trauma
  • Confirmatory diagnostics/screening: Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)
• Osteoporosis Pharmacologic Management

  • DOC for menopausal women: Evista or Raloxifene - estrogen
  • WOF: Cervical Cancer
• Osteomalacia is condition that causes softening of the bone due to deficiency in vitamin D or rickets
• Osteomalacia is diagnosed by blood tests that measure the levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone
• Calcium supplement is best combined with ADEK or Fat-soluble Vitamins
• Osteoporisis & Osteomalacia Pharmacologic Management

  • DOC: Bisphosphonates
  • Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking to prevent esophageal irritation/ulceration
  • DO NOT take eat or drink anything for 30 minutes