cell division -B2

• What do eukaryotic cell nuclei contain?

  DNA stored in several chromosomes
• How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

  23 pairs
• What are gametes and how many chromosomes do they have?

  Gametes have 23 chromosomes, not in pairs
• What is the process by which new cells are made for growth and repair?

  By duplicating through mitosis
• What happens during mitosis?

  The genetic material is duplicated and two identical cells are formed
• What are stem cells?

  Cells that haven't yet specialized
• What are prollens with embryonic stem cells unable to do?

  They are unable to give comfort due to immune rejection.
• What is a potential benefit of using embryonic stem cells?

  They can share desirable traits with new organisms.
• What can stem cells be used to regenerate?

  New organs.
• What are meristems in the context of stem cells?

  They are regions where stem cells grow and differentiate.
• What type of cells are stem cells described as?

  Unspecialized cells.
• What is the significance of the cell cycle in stem cells?

  It allows for cell division and regeneration.
• What is the first stage of mitosis?

  Interphase.
• What happens during prophase in mitosis?

  The nuclear membrane dissolves.
• What is the role of totipotent stem cells?

  They can become any body type of cell.
• What are pluripotent stem cells capable of becoming?

  Most types of cells in an organism.
• What is a key difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

  Embryonic stem cells are less specialized.
• What are the implications of immune rejection in stem cell therapy?

  Immunosuppressants are needed to prevent rejection.
• What is a disadvantage of adult stem cells compared to embryonic stem cells?

  They are more specialized.
• Why are adult stem cells considered to have fewer ethical issues?

  They do not involve the destruction of embryos.
• What are the main differences between embryonic and adult stem cells?

  • Embryonic stem cells:
  • More uses
  • Less specialized
  • Require immunosuppressants
  • Risk of immune rejection
  • Can regrow organs

  
  

  • Adult stem cells:
  • More specialized
  • No ethical concerns
  • More needed
  • No immune rejection
  • Cannot regrow organs