ATP

• energy is needed by organisms for

  • metabolism (chemical reactions
  • movement
  • active transport
  • maintenance , repair division
  • making other substances
  • maintaining body temperature
• 3 stages of energy transfer through living organisms

  • suns light energy ➡️ chemical energy during photosynthesis
  • chemical energy (organic molecules ➡️ ATP (respiration)
  • ATP used by cells to complete work
  • ATP is immediate energy supply for cells
• Adenosine phosphate

  • store of chemical potential energy
  • molecule is hydrolysed to release chemical energy that can be used in reactions and processes
• Structure is

  • adenine (nitrogenous base)
  • ribose
  • 3 phosphate groups
• Bonds between phosphates are unstable meaning they’re easily broke due to low activation energy

  When ATP releases energy it does it by removing last phosphate in the chain when water is added (hydrolysis)…………REACTION IS REVERSIBLE
• • Glucose releases a large quantity of energy which is too much for cells to cope with
  • breakdown of ATP➡️ADP is a fast process
• Properties of ATP

  • small -easy to move in and out of cells
  • water soluble
  • contains bond between phosphates with intermediate energy
  • releases energy in small quantities
  • easily regenerated